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Sustainable hydraulic system assisted with PV array

Carlos Armenta-Déu

Abstract


The paper describes a new hydraulic system to supply water and energy to human settlements as well as to small industry applications, livestock water supply and irrigation of agricultural plantations. The system consists of two interconnected water dams and a single water reservoir; the system is operated by two hydraulic turbines of different power generation capacity. The system has been designed for the Canary Islands, but can be applied to any place in the world whit similar orographic configuration. The hydraulic system makes use of the unevenness of an abrupt orography to generate power; the system operates by gravity due to the difference in altitude between the upper and lower water dam and between upper water dam and water reservoir. Power generation of turbines are in the very low range with typical values of 16.6 kW for the main one, and 2.84 kW for the auxiliary. The hydraulic system collects water from rainfall to operate the entire day, servicing a small population of less than 1000 people. The hydraulic system is sized to work at its maximum power generation, therefore with optimum efficiency. Despite the good sizing and design the hydraulic system requires the assistance of a PV array to compensate for energy unbalance, so the system can operate at off-grid mode. PV system is also compatible with hydraulic operation and coherent with the selected human population and activities. Sustainability has been assured by means of an adequate sizing of the hybrid hydraulic system-PV arrays. A simulation in a real environment has been carried out proving the validity of the proposed solution for self-consumption operation.

 

Keywords: Hydraulic system. PV arrays. Sustainable energy. Energy storage. Watering applications. Human water needs.

The paper describes a new hydraulic system to supply water and energy to human settlements as well as to small industry applications, livestock water supply and irrigation of agricultural plantations. The system consists of two interconnected water dams and a single water reservoir; the system is operated by two hydraulic turbines of different power generation capacity. The system has been designed for the Canary Islands, but can be applied to any place in the world whit similar orographic configuration. The hydraulic system makes use of the unevenness of an abrupt orography to generate power; the system operates by gravity due to the difference in altitude between the upper and lower water dam and between upper water dam and water reservoir. Power generation of turbines are in the very low range with typical values of 16.6 kW for the main one, and 2.84 kW for the auxiliary. The hydraulic system collects water from rainfall to operate the entire day, servicing a small population of less than 1000 people. The hydraulic system is sized to work at its maximum power generation, therefore with optimum efficiency. Despite the good sizing and design the hydraulic system requires the assistance of a PV array to compensate for energy unbalance, so the system can operate at off-grid mode. PV system is also compatible with hydraulic operation and coherent with the selected human population and activities. Sustainability has been assured by means of an adequate sizing of the hybrid hydraulic system-PV arrays. A simulation in a real environment has been carried out proving the validity of the proposed solution for self-consumption operation.

 

Keywords: Hydraulic system. PV arrays. Sustainable energy. Energy storage. Watering applications. Human water needs.


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References


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