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Study of Durability Properties of Bagasse Ash Concrete and Its Behaviour when Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
Abstract
The major driver for the economic growth and social progress of any country is its construction sector. In India, it is estimated that construction contributes 8% to 9% to GDP and this share is likely to increase in coming years. High-performance concrete made from ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and various supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) are alarmingly finding their use in construction worldwide. Bagasse ash (BA), one such SCM, the agro-industrial waste and the residue of which is obtained when the sugarcane is burned for fuel, has pozzolanic properties. The use of bagasse ash should be recognized as an admixture in a country like ours where the cultivation and production of sugarcane is extensive, in order to minimize the land for its disposal and cement consumption in construction industry. Therefore, to encourage commercial use of BA with minimum processing, an assessment of the durability characteristics of locally available BA concrete was taken up and its behaviour when exposed to elevated temperatures was investigated. Twelve concrete specimens containing 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% BA were casted. The durability properties were studied through the measurement of water absorption, permeability properties, chloride diffusion, acid attack and resistance to chloride ion penetration studies. The test results indicated that the BA concrete showed lesser penetration to chloride ingression and water permeation at an optimum replacement of 20%. A considerable amount of resistance against acid attack was also shown. The replacement level of 20% at which the BA concrete was the most durable was exposed to elevated temperatures and its behaviour was investigated through microstructural studies. It was then concluded that the use of BA is a promising alternative to use for cement which shows greater strength than OPC. The reasons for such improvement and enhancement in the properties and structure of concrete were taken up in this paper.
Keywords: Bagasse ash, pozollanic material, supplementary cementitious material (SCM), durability, elevated temperatures
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